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Have you ever wondered how clicking a link opens a webpage in Seconds 🤔? Here is a brief summary of what happens when we type and search google.com in our browser.
Now for accessing google.com we need to first have the actual IP address of google.com. Now it is not possible to remember all IP addresses . Hence we need a system that can store all the IP addresses (basically can work as a directory). This System/ directory is called DNS(Domain Name System).It returns the actual IP by which we can go to our desired site.
Internals of DNS :
Now after reaching at DNS Server , the site request goes to Root Server, there are a total of 13 root servers . Now in this stage it will extract the TLD(top level domain) like .com or .in etc.
In TLD it will find ANS(Authoritative Name System) of the req site. ANS is basically like the org from where the req domain name is bought , for example GoDaddy
After finding ANS, it looks for the IP address of the req site from ANS Database, and finally it return the IP to client/Browser
This Complete Process is Called DNS Resolution.
NOTE: This DNS is works on UDP Protocol and on port no 53.